AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL
PUBLIC STATEMENT
5 March 2010
Al Index: MDE 13/028/2010
Iran: Amnesty International supports calls for gender equality as activists arrested
and discrimination is entrenched
Amnesty International has signed up to support a call for freedom and gender equality made
by Iranian women's rights activists ahead of International Women's Day on 8 March 2010
( http://www.irangenderequality.com/) . The activists leading this initiative are asking
organizations and individuals outside Iran to echo their call and to act as a voice when their
own are silenced through repression.
Discrimination against women in law and practice
Although in February 2010 Iran ostensibly agreed to guarantee equality for women in law
during the review of Iran's record by the UN Human Rights Council in the framework of the
Universal Periodic Review, Amnesty International deplores the fact that the Iranian authorities
are further entrenching discrimination against women and girls in law and practice. Not only
are the authorities failing to amend existing discriminatory legislation, but they have
implemented regulations and are considering introducing legislation which would worsen
women's unequal treatment under the law.
For example, since September 2009, female students have been required to study at
universities in their home towns or cities, thereby restricting their free access to higher
education. No such requirement exists for male students.
In addition, the Majies, Iran's parliament, has continued its discussion of a controversial piece
of legislation, known as the Family Protection Bill, which has been dubbed the Anti-Family Bill
by women's right campaigners.
Following intensive lobbying by activists, in 2008, the Majies Law and Legal Affairs
Committee dropped two clauses of particular concern to women: a clause which would allow
men to take a second wife without the permission of his first wife and another which would
impose a tax on the mehriyeh — a sum contracted to a woman on her marriage, which is only
usually payable in the event of her divorce. However, in January 2010, the spokesperson of
the Law and Legal Affairs Committee announced that the Committee had reinstated these
clauses with some modifications, which women's rights activists believe will, if passed into
law, constitute a retrograde step for women's rights in Iran.
Amnesty International is adding its voice to the more than 2200 women's rights activists and
equal rights defenders who have to date signed a statement objecting to the proposed
legislation.' The organization is calling for the Bill not to be adopted in its present form.
Instead, the Iranian authorities must uphold their commitments made in Geneva in February
2010 to adopt measures to guarantee women's equality under the law and to ensure the equal
treatment of women and girls in law and practice by immediately reviewing this Bill to ensure
that its adoption and implementation will not lead to any form of gender discrimination.
Against this backdrop of entrenched discrimination against women and girls in Iran, women
have also suffered state repression during the post-presidential election violence. According to
IranGenderEquality.com, at least 138 women, — among them students, civil society
1 See for example hup://familylaw.irangenderequality.com/spip.php?article l5O
campaigners, political activists and journalists —have been arrested since June 2009. While
some have been released on bail, others have been sentenced to lengthy prison terms or are
still held months after their arrest without charge or trial. Some — such as members of the
“Mourning Mothers” — a group of women whose children were killed during the post election
repression and their supporters, have been arrested for peacefully protesting about human
rights violations and demanding accountability. Others appear to be held solely on account of
their family relations.
Recent arrests of women documented by Amnesty International include:
• Mahboubeh Karami — a member of the One Million Signatures Campaign (also known
as the Campaign for Equality) who was arrested on 2 March 2010 at her home on the
basis of a general arrest warrant dated May 2009. This is the fifth time she has been
arrested in connection with her activism.
• Shiva Nazar Ahari, a member of the Committee of Human Rights Reporters was
arrested for the second time since the June 2009 election on 20 December 2009,
and remains held in Evin Prison without charge or trial. At least six other members of
the Committee are also currently detained.
• Behareh Hedayat, a member of the Central Committee of the the Office for the
Consolidation of Unity (a national student body which has been active in calling for
political reform and opposing human rights violations) was arrested on 31 December
2009, and is also held in Evin Prison without charge or trial. Shortly before her arrest,
in early December 2009, her recorded video speech for a conference in the
Netherlands entitled “International solidarity with Iranian students' movement On the
occasion of Iran's National Student's Day” 2 was widely circulated on the internet.
• Zahra Jabbari, was arrested on 18 September 2009, when mass anti-government
protests were held. She is detained in Evin Prison, apparently on account of her
having relatives based with the Peoples Mohahedin Organization, a banned opposition
group. Her trial has not yet been concluded.
• Seven supporters of the Mourning Mothers — Leila Seyfi Elahi, Zhila Karamzadeh
Makvandi, Fatemeh Rastegari, Mrs Ebrahim, Elham Ahsani, Farzaneh Zaynali and
Manijeh Taheri — who were arrested on 7 and 8 February 2010 are reportedly detained
in Section 209 of Evin Prison without charge or trial.
• Mahsa Jazini — a journalist based in Esfahan and member of the Campaign for
Equality was arrested on 7 February 2010 and released from Dastgerd prison in
Esfahan on 1 March. According to reports, she was told at the time of her arrest that
the reason for her detention was that she was a feminist.
• Maryam Zia, a children's rights activist who is the director of the Association for the
Endeavour for a World Deserving of Children was arrested on 31 December at her
home and is believed to be held in Evin Prison.
Amnesty International believes that all these women are prisoners of conscience, held solely
for their peaceful exercise of their right to freedom of expression, assembly and association, or
on account of their family links and calls for their immediate and unconditional release
2 A video of her address may be seen at http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v l26k l9Ps5oo&featurere lated
