VA: 271/09 Index: MDE 13/009/2010 IRAN
Date: 21 January 2010
URGENT
ACTION
KURDISH MAN AT RISK OF EXECUTION IN IRAN
Habibollah Latifi, a male member of the Kurdish minority in Iran, has been transferred to solitary
confinement in Sanandaj prison, Kordestan province, northwestern Iran. The transfer to solitary
confinement is often an indication that an execution is going to take place within days. Another
Iranian Kurdish man, Sherko Moarefi, remains on death row at Saqqez Prison in Kordestan
province.
Habibollah Latifi, a law student at Azad University in the south western Province of 11am, western Iran, was
transferred to solitary confinement on 16 January. His lawyer is not known to have been notified of a scheduled
execution as is required by law, although in some cases executions have taken place without this notification being
issued. His family has not been notified that he will be executed but fear that he is at imminent risk of execution.
Habibollah Latifi was arrested on 23 October 2007 in Sanandaj and sentenced to death by the Sanandaj
Revolutionary Court on 3 July 2008 after being convicted of moharebeb (enmity against God) in connection with his
membership of and activities on behalf of the Kurdish Independent Life Party (PJAK), a proscribed armed group. His
trial was held behind closed doors which neither his family, nor his lawyer, were allowed to attend. His death
sentence was upheld by the Appeal Court in Sanandaj on 18 February 2009. Another man, Sherko Moarefi, was
arrested in October 2008 and subsequently sentenced to death and remains on death row in Saqqez Prison.
In October, fears were raised that Habibollah Latifi, Sherko Moarefi and Ehsan Fattahian were at imminent risk of
execution after a judge in Sanandaj, the provincial capital, received orders to carry our their executions. Ehsan
Fattahian was executed on 11 November 2009.
PLEASE WRITE IMMEDIATELY in Persian, Arabic, English, French or your own language:
Urging the authorities to halt Habibollah Latifi's execution if it has been scheduled;
Calling on the authorities to commute the death sentences of Habibollah Latifi and Sherko Moarefi and any others
imposed for political offences;
Stating that Amnesty International recognizes the right and responsibility of governments to bring to justice, in
conformity with international standards of fair trial, those suspected of criminal offences, but opposes the death
penalty as the ultimate cruel, inhuman and degrading punishment.
PLEASE SEND APPEALS BEFORE 4 MARCH TO:
Leader of the Islamic Reoublic
Ayatollah Sayed ‘Ali Khamenei
The Office of the Supreme Leader
Islamic Republic Street— End of
Shahid Keshvar Doust Street, Tehran,
Islamic Republic of Iran
Email: info_leader@leader.ir
via website:
http://www.leader.ir/langs/en/index.php?
p=letter (English)
Salutation: Your Excellency
Head of the Judiciary
Ayatollah Sadeqh Larijani
Howzeh Riyasat-e Qoveh Qazaiyeh
(Office of the Head of the Judiciary)
Pasteur St., Vali Asr Ave., south of
Serah-e Jomhouri, Tehran,
1316814737
Islamic Republic of Iran
Email: Via website:
http:llwww.dadiran.ir/tabid/75/Default.a
spxFirst starred box: your given name;
second starred box: your family name;
third: your email address
Salutation: Your Excellency
And copies to:
Governor of Kordestan Province
Esmail Najjar
Email: In Persian and Kurdish, send via
feedback form on the website:
http://www.ostan-kd.ir/Default.aspx?
tabld=150&cv=4@O_1 In English,
French or other languages, use the
feedback form on the website:
http:llen.ostan-kd.ir/Default.aspx?
TablD=59
Salutation: Dear Governor
section office if sending appeals after the above
AMNESTY
INTERNATIONAL
Also send copies to diplomatic representatives accredited to your country. Please check with your
date. This is the 3rd update of VA 271/09 (MDE 13/102/2009). Further information:
Date: 08 January 2010
http://www.amnesty.org/en/Iibrary/info/MDE13/1O2/2OO9/en , http://www.amnesty.org/en/Iibrary/info/MDE13/1 19/2009/en and
http://www.amnesty .org/en/Iibrary/info/MDE13/12 1/2009/en
AMNESTY
INTERNATIONAL
VA: XXXXXXXXXXXXX Index: XXXXXXXX Date: 21 January 2010
URGENT ACTION
KURDISH MAN AT RISK OF EXECUTION IN IRAN
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Kurds, who are one of Iran's many minority groups, live mainly in the west and north-west of the country, in the province of
Kordestan and neighbouring provinces bordering Kurdish areas of Turkey and Iraq. They experience religious, economic and
cultural discrimination. For many years, Kurdish organizations such as the Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran (KDPI) and the
Marxist group Komala, conducted armed opposition against the Islamic Republic of Iran. Another armed group, the Kurdistan
Independent Life Party (PJAK), formed in 2004, continues to carry out armed attacks against Iranian security forces.
No group has claimed responsibility for the spate of assassinations and attempted assassinations in Kordestan, which targeted
mainly religious figures and judges between 9 and 19 September 2009. Those killed included the head of Sanandaj city council,
a Sunni cleric who had supported President Ahmadinejad's re-election campaign, and the Kordestan representative to the
Assembly of Experts (the body which appoints the Supreme Leader). Two judges were also injured in the attacks. The authorities
have variously blamed PJAK, and “hard-line Sunni fundamentalists” linked to foreign intelligence services. According to various
Iranian media sources on 28 September 2009, several of those believed to have been responsible for the attacks were arrested at
the scene of another attack in which two others were killed. Furthermore, on 18 January 2010, Vali Haji Gholizadeh, prosecutor
in the northwestern city of Khoy, was shot dead in front of his home. Four suspects were later arrested. The Iranian authorities
blamed PJAK for the killing although PJAK later denied responsibility.
Amnesty International condemns without reservation attacks on civilians, which includes judges, clerics, and locally or nationally-
elected officials, as attacking civilians violates fundamental principles of international humanitarian law. These principles
prohibit absolutely attacks on civilians as well as indiscriminate and disproportionate attacks. Such attacks cannot be justified
under any circumstances.
The scope of capital crimes in Iran is broad, and includes “enmity against God”, often imposed for armed opposition to the state,
but can include other national security offences such as espionage. At least 16 other Kurdish men and two women are believed
to be on death row in connection with their alleged membership of and activities for proscribed Kurdish organizations. They
include Farzad Kamangar, Farhad Vakili, Ali Haydarian, Rostam Arkia, Hossein Khezri, Anvar Rostami, Mohammad Amin
Abdolahi, Ghader Mohamadzadeh, Zeynab Jalalian and Shirin Alam-Hoei. Some have had their prison sentences increased to
death sentences. For further information on some of the Kurds on death row for political offences, including those named in this
UA, please see http://www.amnestv.org/en/librarv/info/MDE 13/007/2010/en and
http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/M DE13/012/2009/en .
In May 2009, three members of Iran's Baluch minority were executed in public in Zahedan less than 48 hours after an attack on
worshippers in a mosque in which up to 25 people were killed. Responsibility for the attack was claimed by the People's
Resistance Movement of Iran (PRMI - formerly known as Jondollah), an armed political group opposed to the Iranian government.
The three men had already been sentenced to death, but their executions were linked to the mosque attack. Officials claimed
that following renewed interrogations after the bombing, they had “confessed” to involvement into bringing the explosives into
the country. Following a suicide bomb attack on 18 October which killed at least 43 people, including 15 Revolutionary Guards
officials, and which was claimed by the PRMI, a PRMI member was executed in Zahedan on 2 November, after conviction of
armed kidnapping, “enmity against God” and “corruption on earth”. The date of his arrest is not known.
In 1988, thousands of political prisoners, mostly members of the People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI) or leftist
organizations, were executed in what has become commonly known as the “prison massacres”. The executions took place
following the ceasef ire agreement between Iran and Iraq and an armed incursion a few days later by PMOI members based in Iraq
which was repulsed by the Iranian army. Most of those executed were already detained or imprisoned at the time of the incursion
and could not have been involved in spying or terrorist activities as the government claimed. No one has ever been brought to
account for these mass killings.
Further Information UA: 271/09 Index: MDE 13/009/2010 Issue Date: 21 January 2010
AMNESTY
INTERNATIONAL
