Aadel Collection
Iran Orders Factions to Turn in Arms
THE WASHING-TON POST
Tuesday, August 21, 1979
Refugee Relief iii Iiidónesia ikstened to Avoid Monsoons
:Sy Paul Zach
SDecIal to The Washington Poet
: LETUNG, Ai ambas Islands, Jndone-
sia—Mounting concern that the corn-
ing winter monsoon may hamper de-
i livery of food and medical supplies to
Indochinese “boat people” stranded in
these remote South China Sea islands
1ias prompted a step-up in processing
effort by officials of the U. S. Refu-
gee Program and the Joint Volunteer
Agency here.
Living on islands that are accessible
only by boat, helicopter or seaplane in
good weather, most of the 31,491 regis-
ered refugees attempting to survive
‘1r' this spectacularly beautiful, but in-
hospitable, island group exist on daily
ations that allow each a small tin
bntaining about 125 grams of rice, a
jittle soy sauce and occasionally some
cabbage.
_ ;: U.S. Refugee Program coordinator
? ór the region, James Schili, said the
a ive months of monsoons that begin in
qctober could cut into those meager
4krations even more.
“Obviously, we want to (10 the best
r S :*e can to move refugees now residing
:ii. the islands prior to the onset of
thonsoons,” he said.
4 Sehillsaid no more than 20 or 30
èfugees have been moved out of the
!AnanThas since the first boatload put
jp. Márch 20 at a small island called
Berhala, a five minute row oat ride
4 om the seat of the local government
fiére. jfl Letung.
i That slow pace led Maj. Djoko
r oewhidi, au Indonesian Army official
handlin.g refugee matters in these is-
to predict that it would “be
treè to five years” before the last
.u efugees leave the Anambas islands.
Schulisaid the United States is mak-
1ng a major effort to avoid such a
l6i g .st . He said his office has pre-
—screenéd 3,000 people in the Anambas.
;; ;:. “We would probably move them 3,-
- - Ooo strong over a period of weeks
down close to Singapore,” he said,
“where they transit through Singa-
pore to the international airport in
Singapore and then on to the United
--States. It's not easy though.”
_. . Despite pledges made at the Geneva
: conference on refugees last month,
It the only other governthent repre-
sented in the Anambas during my
:, visit were the French.
Delegate• Guy H. Horlin of the
French-Vietnam Aid Committee spent
four days in the refugee camps.
E He refused to disclose how many
- refugees France will resettle from the
Anambas, but his file did not appear
. very large. He said he believes it will
be two years before most have left the
island. . . ..
Some l .S. officials are optimistic
: that all ‘the Joát pëople ‘in the Anam-
? has at least will be moved within a'
ëar to Bintan Island, just south of
Singapore, . where about . 10,000 refu-
gees.now- Jive infour
‘ . Flow ‘well the thajorit of those in
‘ the Anambas ‘can survive' even a year
i i th , ‘ . . . ‘
Pathall for sa fety reasons, the In
donesian Nav last week began relo
eating iefugees last week to the two
largest camps ialled Kuku and Au
Raya on th island of;Jema a
The iefugeé s r&scattered in nine
location in th ' }Anambas Islands,
about l70 nautical miles from Singa
p re Thde i re also 1,050 in the Na-
tuna islands, farther to the north and
more ‘ remote.
The chief of all Indonesian refugee
operations, Adm. A. Wibisono visited
the camps last week to oversee the
start of the move.
The admiral said Indonesia plans to
transfer all people from outlying
camps in the Anambas and Natunas to
Air Raya and Kuku before the mon-
soons begin in October. That would
swell the size of those two settlements
to more than 15,000 each.
The camps are on flat, sand
beaches, and small mountains jut up
sharply behind each camp, limiting
the living space available. As many, as
40 refugees crowd into huts no larger
than the size of a standard hotel
room.
Thecamps are located on the south-
em side of the island, however, and
the mountains will provide some shel-
ter from the monsoon' i ains, which
rage in from the north.
“It will also be easier to look after
them in two places instead of 10,” Wi-
bisonö said.
Another Indonesian military official
expressed concern' that friction may
be growing between the refukees and
the nearly 12,000 local Indonesian res-
idents in Letung. Some ethnic Chi-
nese refugees have- made major in-
roads into control of the local econ-
omy, setting up shops and engaging in
banking activities for felloW refugees
at interest rates sometimes as high as
20 percent.
As part of the relocation effort, the
refugees have been ordered by the
military to wear colored ribbons
pinned to their shirtsleeves identify-
ing the camp each person resides in
and keeping the refugees distinct
from Indonesians.
Phung Kin Hao, 27, a physics stu-
dent living in the Berhala camp, said
an early taste of monsoon weather
claimed its first victim three weeks
ago when a six-year old girl was killed
when a gale uprooted a coconut tree.
Three other camp members also were
injured.
‘ Of greater concern, however, is the
possibility that supplies of food and
medicine may be cut off for days or
weeks at a time if bad weather make%
intercamp travel impossible and pre-
vents shipments from Bintan Island,
off the coast of Sumatra and about as
far from the Anambas as Singapore.
Supplies arrive irregularly, usually
aboard hospital ships such as the
French [ lie de Lumiere.
Lee Get-Shing. an interpreter at the
Air Raya camp, said'that in addition
to the small rice portions, there are
only enough eggs to provide one a
month for each person. and fish is so
expensive that most refugees only buy
someonce every 10 days. Boat people
are ‘ prohibited by the government
from fishing in Indonesian waters.
The lack of protein has resulted in
malnutrition among many of the
young children in camp. On Bich Liiili
head nurse at Air Raya's only clinic,
said the majority of the 300 people
treated e eh. day are children who do
not get propei,food. ‘
The Frenchlead'the effort to minis-
ter to the sick' in the Anambas. In ad-
dition to the hospital ship with 20 vol-
‘ unteer doctors, the organization “Med-
icine /? rithout Boundaries” has a team
. of four, including' a surgeon and an
anesthetist, working an'dliving in the
Kuku camp. The group has shipped in
an X-ray machine and surgical equip-
ment.
; By Chris de Kretser
Special to The WashingtOn?ost
TERRAN, Aug. 20—Iran's revolu-
tionary authorities banned unauthor-
‘ ized,possession of weapons ‘today and
closed 22 püblicatibns in tough new
measUres against oppoSition to the Is-
lamic government.
‘ The troubled Kurdish region was
reported tense but calm, as security
: forces stood poised to stamP out any
new rebellion following Ay tollah Ru-
hoUah Khomeini's mass mobiljzation
.orde'r., Sunday.
InTéhran and other parts of the
coüñtry, pro-Khomeini demonstrators
deManded the exéëution of the two
main Kurdish leaders after Khomeini
had . condemned -them as “corruPt”
and called on the Kurds themselves
to arrest them.
Announcing the weapons ban, the
revolutionary public prosecutor of
Tehran, Ayatollah Ahrnad Azari Qorni
declared that the arms must be deliv-
ered to the nearest military arsenal.
He said the ban was being imposed
following repeated requests from the
people of Iran and that henceforth
only armed forces personnel and Khc-
meini's Revolutionary Guards would
be permitted to pessess weapons.
“The ban is particularly aimed at
those political parties and groups
whose policies go against the wishes
of the nation,” Qomi said.
He warned that if the weapons were
not handed back, offenders would be
tried by the revolutionary courts and
severely punished.
The arms ban was coupled with an
announcement that all parties occupy-
lug public buildings must vacate
them.
The order was again directed at i)o
litical opposition groups that set up
their headquarters after the February
revolution in buildings used by the
government of the deposed shah.
Revolutionary Guards have already
occupied most of these buildings and
have been trying to take over the
headquarters of the Islamic Mujahed-
din guerrilla organization since last
week without success.
in another announcement, Ayatol
lah Qorni said 22 newspapers and
magazines were closed “because they
have gone against the path of Islam
and the nation.”
‘ Among them were a new morning
daily called Tehran and the party or-
gans of the Marxist Fedaye guerrilla
Indian Cabinet Loses Supjort, Quits
INDIA, From Al
manded that he stop prosecution in
special courts of her and her son, San-
jay, in return for their support. Gaii-
dhi has denied trying to pressure
Singh, who was jailed by her and once
said she should be publicly whipped
for her actions during the emergency.
“Some things are more valuable
than a mere prime ministership,” said
Singh in his resignation statement.
“We had no choice but to reject
support from quarters which sought
interference in the normal function-
ing of the judiciary. I would not have
liked to continue in power even for a
day yielding to this kind of black-
mail.”
Singh became pi-ime minister after
engineering mass defections from the
government of Morarji Dcsai, who
took over in 1977 when Gandhi was
defeated. But Singh depended on the
Gandhi votes to amass his parliarnen-
tary majority.
Desai 83, who last month wanted a
chance to try again to form a working
coalition, decided to withdraw from
politics.
In a statement yesterday, Desal said
that. Barn. who at 72 is the youngest of
the politicians ti yiiig to be prime mm.
istei- should be given a chance to form
a new government.
Ram, who let Singh and Desai bat-
tie it out last month in the first go-
round to form the government ap-
peared confident last night that he
could pull together “an absolt te ma-
j ority.”
He starts with a base of about 225
votes from the Janata Party that he
took over from Desai—still the larg-
est group in the lower house.
Observers here said he will easily
get support from about 25 members of
regional parties and could gain an-
other 25 votes from members who
would do anything to thwart Gandhi.
- That would l)Ut him either very
close to or just over more than the
270 votes needed to vin a bare major-
ity in the 539-member lower house
of the parliament.
Reuters rer orted from New Delhi
that the parliamentary leader of Gan-
dlii's party told President Reddy that
Ram should be allowed to form the
government.
Observers here said that Singh,
whose power base is among the small
landlords and farmers of North India
and who only joined the national mao-
organization. the pro-Moscow Tudeh
Party, tile Trotsykite Socialist //rork
ers Party and the liberal National
Democratic Front.
Bamdad, the only morning newspa-
per still attempting to follow a jude-
pendent line, received a warning “for
trying to sow sedition with provoca-
tions and distortions.”
i/'Ieanwhile, pro-Khomeini attackers
ransacked the home of National Dem-
ocratic Front leader Hedayatollah Ma-
tin-Daftari, who is being sought by
Revolutionary Guards.
In ICurdis an there were reports of
minor incidents but no major violence
a s goverrnnent forces moved to take
control of the region.
The heavily armed Kurds'seemed to
be retreating to mountain hideouts or
to the town of Mahabad, the strong-
hold of the newly outlawed Kurdistaii
Democratic Party.
Ayatollah Khomeini switched his tac-
tics today toward Iran's Kurtis, ap-
pealing “to my dear Kurdish friends”
to arrest the leaders of the “satanic”•
party.
‘ Khomeini's call was taken up in
Tehran and the western city of Ker-
lit cal scene two years ago, was out of
his depth in the hurly-burly of vote
Iraduig ii New Delhi.
Ram, though, has servedin all of In.
dia's cabinets wit)t but a one-year
break since the country gained hide-
pendence in 1946.
l ie was the defense minister in the
Desai government, and as such is be-
lieved by sonic American diplomats to
be the most hawkish of the Indian po.
litical leaders. But other diplomats
here think lie will moderate those
views if lie becomes prime minister
and has a broader constituency than
the military establishment.
If he is given the bid to form the
new government, Ram's biggest prob-
1cm will be what to do about the
Hindi nationalist, 100-member Jan
Sangh faction in his Janata coalition.
I-Ic must depend on it for his major-
ity. but the faction's strong push to
make Hindi the national language has
angered political leaders representing
religious minorities in India.
According to Reuter, Ram will not
have the support of the Gandhi bloc it
he includes Jan Sangh members in his
cabinet. But that would mean the cx-
elusion of such prominent leaders as
Atal Bihari Vajpayee. the former for-
cign minister who is considered a
corner in Indian politics and a future
candidate for pi irne minister.
According to observers here, Ram
would like to become prime minister
without the votes from the Gandhi
bloc.
A9
Vietnamese refugees unload belongings from their boats off an island in Indonesia's Anambas chain, after they were refused permission to land in Malaysia.
united Pi0 ,ss international
U.S. efforts , In the Anambas prima.
rily center on speeding up the proc.
essing of refugees. ,
Schill said ‘the break-through in get-
ting into the Anambas camps occur-
iJ fl Oiders Factious to Tuin in Ai'j iis
red two weeks ago, when theree mem-
bers of the congressional delegation
led' by Rep. Benjamin Rosenthal (D.
N.Y.) visiting • this area toured the
bleak, Terempã refugee camp.
I. •—:-‘--———_ __ ,,,,,, . ‘ .. ,“,-‘- ,.‘‘“. —
Lower Lever, Dawnto n and Branches
32 FStqt. W•(2O2)347q5oo. Landover • Springfield • lysons Corner Center' ?v'ton gomexyM Tt
Shop Downtown Tuesday I 0 ‘iii 6 . Branches Open Late
—-— — —- Add sote tax plus $1 delivery charge on orders under 320—C.O.D. add SI
manshah where thousands of people
poured into the streets to attend fu-
neral processions for Revolutionary
Guards killed in fighting with the
Kurds in the town of Paveh last week.
“Hosseini and Qassemlu must be cx-
ecuted,” the demonstrators chanted,
referring to the spiritual leader of the
Kurds, Shelkh Ezzedin ‘ Hosseini, and
the secretary general of the Kurdistan
Democratic Party, Abdürahm Qas-
semlü.
- . ..
COUNT WINES& LlQUORS
The mobilization of the armed
forces ordered by Khomeini Sunday
was proceeding today as thousands of
troops, police and. revolutionary
‘- guards arrived in the region near the
Kurdish provincial capital of Sanan-
daj.
•1
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Air Force units, Navy commandos
and the Army helicopters were also
dispatched to the area to crush a re-
bellion that local officials in Sanandaj
said was imaginary.
During the mobilization a U.S..sup.
plied Phantom F4 fighter-bomber
crashed near the southern port of Bu-
slieh.r. The state radio , said the plane
went down yesterday “while on ma-
neuvers” before ‘being sent to Kurdis-
tan.
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PREMiUM NEW YORK
I 521.95 CASE OF 12
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INDIRA GANDRI'
. . . wins backing'in polls.
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EQUALTO PAYJNG,$l.r) A F
Although many politicians wrote
Gandhi off as a Political force as re-
cently as two months ago, she has
emerged from this crisis as the person
who wields enough power to either
make or break a government.
I
