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Report of the Secretary-General on the situation of human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran*

          
          UniteciNations A 1 6 3 1 4 5 9
          sr General AssE mbly Diet.: G l
          I O t b : OO8
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          —
          Reportof the Secmta'y-Generalon Ow situailonofhunmn
          rights hi the Islamic R ubfr of hrni*
          £ 1mmary
          Th t d li ' flM G I k b
          j fr d d th : fl t t1 b d : d th th jC
          li th t1 Ith R p] b& f b t1 b j f that h 't I
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          i Ip ô] fth Rj t c ] il.vm il t1 : p tf p”i m'
          f t1 id ffi d th t1 b tE ft th b d tk
          thI d tI:St th &d : p t pkt f th tk f ftd
          tht1 I I$ k R p,ft& f fr .
          Th : p l t1 I g I d h thtE d th
          t1 Ith A R p,]b]k f fr ç r t p fti
          p t tE g p tht1 f ki I d t I ;th tk th
          il dpI:St id ffi d tht1 G Ik bbt th
          p th m :d d by th fr tE d :iS h d ;
          fth thy p tE flMth E fi fth fl ft d N tk HS
          C(., i : f RjC d h 't I r ] :jS
          b dfl tht1 ftwffi tE d p flc d Mt tk tthth
          p i I Mfl dhc M . ” y j i ; d b] i d that
          yb t k byt1 fr th
          D ptr t t d lt th d d fi thMth M b
          08 .53075 161008
          11111111 IIII IIIIIIIIIIIIII
        
          
          Contents
          I. . 3
          U. fth Ith A R p,]b]k f fr l tt t1
          pU dp tthfj t 3
          A. L 1f:s &k 3
          B. h E tE1f: &k 4
          Ill. 5
          IV. Cft dpl:St 6
          A. T t d h ] & dc fl &
          7
          B. DMp dp]]b]k th
          C.
          D.
          E. U
          F. RS f” i” 14
          G. P1 d f p f m d it d fr p hU d
          16
          H.
          V. C p nMth Offk ft1 U dNt HS
          I S
          A. CpftMt1 IS
          B. IS
          C. E fk ft1 fl ft d thtE H h C(., i :f&
          
          w. C b] —
        
          
          I. Intwdudilon
          I. Th : p t j b tht d th tth G l
          :bt 6vl68 th rnthth A b ( Thdth S t !y -G :dt ]b
          ft ft thw-thkd p:th i : p l t1 f r ]
          :jS tht1 I l$ k R p, b&
          Th p tj Mt d dth l tth bd :p t dt d Mth r ]
          :jS li th t1 Ith A R p,]b]k fr b d fr 't l t
          bU tE d Mfl d b fli by t Th, th g b di d t1
          lp d' ft1 H' Rj c ] il.! Vtil th id ffi d M
          th gi p id t1 : p l $J Mfl d
          thl d Th l :jS M &d : pkt f t1
          f d !il ±] l p thk l d i l :St M t1 Ith A
          R p] b&
          II. Legal and instftufional frameworkofthe Islamic R ubfr
          of Inn mievant to tlwpm'notiona pmtationof
          hmnan rights
          A. Legaiframework
          3. Th 1979 fth Ith A R p] b]k f fr id : g
          Mp 'tk th
          f :i ] t1 f]m p: t tE f :St d th Md p d
          f] tE &c fth djfl StEt f t1 St Th.
          4. Th ht C tk]fl t s p:th i Mpt : jc f t1
          p pl p Mg d ,il d p thkd :jC i l d
          ±] l :St : th 1E ( th l9) t1 ( :t.
          :St (st. l) th :Stt h' (st. ) ft d f bdi4
          ( t. 3) fr th p ( . 4 ) y f t ( . 5) ft
          ( t. 6) ( . 7 ) th :st ( t.
          i t (st. 9) t1 it dfli ( th 3O) t1 tthhMg( t. 3l)
          b y “t( th 3 th jst : id (st. 33) t1 :Stt : ]
          ]!t (st. 34) t1 :Stt ] l( th 35) nc flMt1
          (fl 36) t1 p_tE f (fl 37) t1 p:a ft t' ( :t. 38)
          th :jS f ( th 39) UttE f jC b d ‘p,]blk fr : ”t
          ( t. 4O) t1 jSt ( :t. 41) d t tE (st. U).
          5. h ff t f fltt ) thd l & f th f d t l :St
          l d M t1 CtEt t1 h d ; kp d plfly
          :ISC a d p: id g t1 ]!t ftM
          & tt l. Th bifi p dby d pp dbyth m di
          C ' il 4 thy OO5. thy p,]brnh d Mt1 Offkrn G t
          d gi l g l
          kddba dtht Ii Ra C t M
          I 3. d th l hy Mrfl& c ticbyth I l k Rpt &
          
          3
        
          
          6. Th P l C d th C & P l rt o ] p: !i& p
          o f l df k UIS . F
          ‘90 f t1 C d f P l rt o] : q,]k that &f h ' b i
          th p: 't d th th .
          fdl that thflth l ñ F thth 33
          f t1 C & f ch1 rt d , h th: b
          thc
          7. C d d.ft dthJ !y 008 b thg
          &b d th tt1 tE fp p tE ft1 p p l. Th ‘d d
          P l C & if d pThd ath p: ;thi that ld b h p tibl flM
          thnth l ñ b dfl kl p fl y that fld
          t1 dthp d t yf&
          B. Iustftufional framework
          8. VTh& th C tE p: td f p tE f b t? t1
          I j htE d ) thd I f' t th =b : f h tEt I
          t tht thS thd d f] tE &c d bjJjwt p: th :js .
          9. D pft t1 fp p 'd&df& th tkI 57 ft1 C Et
          th L d Aflthllth All th
          I Mi ) kid b: h d th : k y h ±t (EICN.4t 1006I6IIAdd.3
          p . U). Tith i fr & dbyt w t f th y ' rn p i&dth: tht1
          C thtE . Th C ] il i thkgi pp fr dbyt1
          L d : d th )]fll t dbyth )]Mthy. k h th
          th bil] p d by if ft th bac flM
          C E tE d Th E, di y thd yb dyf&
          th L d tth 'k di th tflp :thdj p' t I htE
          b t? P :I t d t1 Th f
          _j hc U t ” I Thdtk ] h g : I I tE h t1 p :t p S. 'd
          :
          ‘0. Th S] p: L d pp fr th h d fth j' thd !y tht] pp hfl
          t1 h d ft1 C ] dth L i fTh b]k rt , —. Th fr d ) thd I
          h ti : : : ]h d ,il d fl d by
          pp Ith t tht byt1 C t. Th
          fff : t I ,fl t1 dfltht tE ]f$ j ,
          ]!t . Th p d I p, b]k d bt th fly eta '
          t g&i f b dhc g a d : tk
          gthc. Di ‘&: d th bt w b pI d ] pt f
          f I th tk = h h pth fth &: 500)Joo :i ] .
          Sp d I h d1 fr tg p I d t1 Th
          Ub y D t i oflc ft d ft th Th03 i d
          t1 th p (t f h t1 p:th I f b f t1 h . Th
          G: ll df th frU thb U dt th :dth
          II. Th W :khc d d that t1 & thE p b t? I 995
          00 f th ‘ tE hc f t1 ) th
          (EICN.4t 1004RIAdd. d C =.I). thU ô dt t1 y t th
          h they th f, th lly p t f t1 ) thd y ‘ d t1
          
          4
        
          
          U. Af th IVb j th
          th: tE ‘ dbyt1 li d fth t1 ptbftE t th g
          dp]b]k fr dth c fi fth fl ft d
          N tk HS f H' Rj t (OHCHR) that th
          tht d d tht th ]]nhI t1 p g f They sJ fr& d
          OHCHRthfl I I ] fth ) thd y
          fl:tk Iy tht1 E t g : iy tht1 pli tE f th
          13. Th th t l U fi tp dd pp th] i f&
          flkl 174 fth C tE p dd f thth l
          G : l h t& t th f t1 h d f t1 ) thd y that
          t1 p p : o t f dt1 t l thtE f W? by
          th d fl tE g f th Th h t& pt d h dl
          thth dd' l l tht d j Mt kth U d : kl
          90 f t1 C tht th d h tip± flt
          la byt1 p,]b]k g th t ft dth f t1 fli d
          _ j h' ddftE tl q, i .)ai l Stkth th rnd g
          tth nrnr&h m l g b f
          ththl l pli t d d th p,]b& p a tE th d
          Ubth t th p dhc . M t1 I l t RjS
          t brnh d th 1996 . k tE f p: th! f
          d t1 ) k Wy that ut& t1 r ] jC li '
          Ith tb j dbyth fr th l C &dth thc f
          N —l H' Rj t thfl]l M t1 rthal : l thc
          f t —l Stht f t1 p tE dp: t th f :St (t1
          Pfl rthal ). m dd I k R p] b& f fr h tthUtd
          :jS hd : th f fltt fr tk l p :t d th
          G b th thh l t d
          III. Economic, social aM cultunlrights
          14. Th Ith R p] b& f g S t1 p t d d th
          th f =k i l d Th l :jS a1 dj p :fti
          : t b t? ‘ b l kp d gE . Sth th 1979
          bE th p &i
          ldth f ] ] w th dJ tib] tk f d p , ty
          15. VTh& th I h R p]]b]k f j p !W t1 h t d C t
          E =k S thl d c k,]:d rn. ft — t th C. it
          S i l C'± l Rj 't 1993. Th :s d
          th t t f g p d& th tE b t?
          lflth— dp ]ki f: d (EIC.lVl993t7).
          16. A ”&d g t1 Ud Nt D l p t rmg
          Dl p t R p t f 007t 1008 th thd ] f t1 Ith
          R p, b& f fr : f 0.649 th 1991th 0.759 M 005. Tith l ly:4l Thd
          th p : pft dth fl t f lc p p tE ft p, b]k
          b ] d t i l A f th thy p f th th t1
          Mill t Dl p G ] f dth tt1 p thg f t1 p pffl tE thtg
        
          
          l th $1 d yMd d df: 0.9 p h ' l999th 0.
          005; t1 p thg th,hc l th $ d y Md d th d f 7.3
          l999th 3 .lp : tM 005. Tl t d M p t d k d ô]fl g
          hc th ld h fr htE d M pd b t th
          f th M b ff t th d g by St t Th p p tE f
          5p M 004.
          ‘7. Th I h=k R p] b]k f M g t h d M t1
          t& ld1 h b d jg k t :i M t1
          p pffl lE d t1 p 'dth ff fflt M l . Na —t M
          p:th y d' t t dj :d ft 85 p : M 1990th 98 p :
          005. h th pEd p th y li Id p t t d dft 13 p :
          th 6.6 p : L Lft : y IS . th
          M d d pg i / q ]E d :iflc fr 81.1 p :
          :p tE 'M ‘990th 98.1 9 6 . 7 p :
          18. Th d_phi” th:
          _l d d f 800)J00 j b t1
          g tE . fl plw i flM M d
          M ‘996th 40 p :
          19. m t1 field h dM t1 f h dM f dJ i p tkffl a, f
          ph yh hl ' hd th fi M ]ff t y tkh
          ft 64.8 f d 65.8 f 1991 th 70.5
          .8 p tE ' M 004. Th t ]ity : t dd ft 44
          p : l))OObftt M 1991th 3 6 p : l))OObftt M 00l.M l t ]kyd'
          M d ]i w $J : o d ft 54th 37 p : l00))00 ]i bftth
          o]fl t1 p Sd. Th p p ti f bftt t d d by kimd 1th
          p : l 973 p :
          0. Th p fti ld t gi l th pi ft1th '
          th thy. m t1 dkp Md th j th
          p t g p Mt b t th t d l t d l p dp This
          b &i pth n , by th p i ô th h k f
          M t] ib' fl th Mn' *: tE ft t1 l
          th t1 Dj p :fti sJ : d d l c g d : dth
          M d t il M tE WE. D g d d t t ilthl
          th h tE a th E M i
          “ ; th c E ' k S i l d 1 flt]d RjS t1
          In t —l L& ] 0:g tE (mU) c E t t1 Appli tE
          f d R d t dt1 lp d' d t .h ld
          M pd ,]a, Mthj : g d.
          IV CMI and politkal rights
          l. Th p ty h b thp itE d g tE Mth
          d;dl d p thk l L l 1C thd h t d th g g M
          ‘g :i t M hc p,]b]k
          fb Mg t1 d i khc th St t M thtk h
          P lis t. D,flc p l p,ft]k phff t d th: &b t
          M t1 Ith A R p,]b]k f fr M b d g M t1 ± f g l
          6
        
          
          l 'ti . A d ñb d th t1 tk t1 pt: p t t1 b i
          M fti M t k p fti th th k l d
          tht th l th th d tM th: t tc d
          p]ft]k M tb ‘fm d& d.VTh '
          th P lis t I j htE pd i that d& th t g th t
          tM : j still h: f&
          S g tE t d M b pfld h b di c th:St
          ‘d htk d th : tEj
          O c hc h t ga :St d f d thfl dhc
          :jS tEj t h b Th thd p d h sJ :i d
          d d kt ftM = p b]k tk VTh& t? fr-
          M i I U ] &t d th Th07 M b b il th
          f, t: hS-p fil th Eth i Th b i
          th pi g d lE I ]!ty “.
          3. Th d thp ky E dt b id pprnd . h b d g th
          th hthci . Th f t &c dp]]b]k th
          byth b h p tk . C f fl t lE d
          fkgghc d ] pki d th d nid fp ,rd th
          : pnd. D h tE ilthI th f t1 th tk id tffi d th
          6VI68 j ‘ d d tht1 thll hc
          A. Torture and cruel, huiruman or degndingtreatnentor
          punislunent, includiug floggb g and amputafious
          4. A t d tkI 38 f t1 CtE p:aibft t th]
          P I C d t d fthftE f t t p ffk th th I
          k : p Thd th th C 'tE g St T th d Oth : c I .
          & D g d g 1h t & d pp dby t1
          thth 15 ft : j t d by th Lt dI
          cilp d b ]kt flM dphaI .
          It Ir n
          US k dq1flt byth ,flu fl 7 fl
          hth
          t D p1 th
        
          
          5. Th Sp d l R pp t ] t t d trn &
          p d h h ] b : U t — th t1 b t
          :i ] li ' 007 t 4 j tht
          “t — g pp l.' D fr th th fti d rn d t1
          llg t t t] th f th d d d that ftfr ti ] Md b
          
          6. thtE dth ffi d by th
          I l k Wh t1 h p Sth
          : p l f t1 Ith A R p,]b]k f t1 h 't lE l CftdJ d
          P ]kk l Rj id d th l993 th H' Rj t C(•,?,t . b d d
          th t1 ppli tE f p] thl th fkgflct c d
          t p tibl flM th pi f tkl 7 f th h 't flE l
          Ci;dl d P thk l Rja ldth t1 Ith A R p,]bli f h
          P !W. m ft b dhc th 005 t1 C(•,?,t . th RjS f t1
          L ild d ft & p : g t that:
          ‘ d d thc hp : b l th IS h
          b bj Thd :i t)T
          f t th] I hth]] dd g th
          fl t lE fkgghc ldth y t ti lly h d by
          ) dki I M fti (C RCICII5 IMd. 54 p .45).
          7. y pfldth tth M d ff p pI Mdb t ff
          th th f th d. m ddftE 10 007 t1
          Thd th M f f t1 j' dkMy th t1 flc that
          ‘ th ffld b ]=b : th b c flE th p,]b]k th flM
          th t1 p: th . ft pfld that th ‘ d f
          h I : fl fkgg d dth t dflM
          S. Th W,khc G Ub y D t tE oflc ft d ft fr 15
          P b y 0 03 d t1 id p: d d
          th: ft tf& t thtk l d th y
          tfl7th Sr
          dtü th l l ldth l q t d b l,f & a
          çh bjr r
          fld]I dh d t dd& M . 3) fl Sp ddR r t
          fi thcTh l d Thg * i d t
          fih dt ph h M th Rç d dthtth &Th— l dt h th1 : l t
          — tdth th hthd I pl dththfr
          h ü dbyth Sr E l ccq 1, Th ]* & 1
          dtt t t &
          
          b1 d 1 i dt tthbdtth I 1 d hi dl
          h ty tb 1 &b]1 th
          k i r ThdtM onc thd lbth i th M y p ]k
          i&d Th r WthE c S'r tho]j*4 d t k S r pk
          fl fl ]! d fi c ft1 .
          ht1 t t 1 tth fl frt th
          tk d Ui df& ! dThl* Jkfl 1
          ôflU lip i pti, f kth L h' J7 flh
          f li fth f n ] fth M t : dt w
          SO hth fh f IO flJ t 50 j t lJJ J-fl0 J). D
          t t t
          *
        
          
          (EICN.4t 1004RIAdd. d p . 54). H : t1 b i
          Mfli fr& d OHCHR that h hrn1 t ll d , th
          ptE l th k d w :i ] :h th d : d
          th :d flM t1 C d f P l k o] . D ô] tE f
          ] t w b ': d, d fr 0
          B. Deathpenaltyandpuiilic executious
          Th W,kthg G Jtbit y D t E t d th tth h th P l C d
          fi t g& tkh di : pl t b pprnd:
          h d d p: tE ph EICN.4t 1004RIAdd.
          d C =.l). fl 4 g a th ! t1 p]k bl
          ph f tkh h b d th d th p ffi $ pthth f
          th 1C h d f : p t t1 left f t fkg 1 c d
          “d1 . fl• j tib] tk th kthd b: d h jh th t f yr.
          rt dhc g Stth ]r :phy i U n , fth bjt dth t1
          dd i ft1 d t h w kf&t1 fllWp Wt :th
          & y ptfth i l tE ( ) thth fd : :phy k l
          th) y. Th fl fi tth ] ] d u wp dt, prndbyt1
          St t th t d dfr th Ith th i l .
          30. Th d th i f :t th h 4 fl thfl dhc dthw
          thpf iE f&th f ]!thtt by &h hc k h l
          f t1 tadtE d y b t p t tE f t1
          f atth t1 f ]!th tE f U tE by M ]E ftM
          d fsJ f o k y & d y f f ]!th tE .
          t1 & th p b pli d f th ftM d
          ( th) d pt th ( * fiS ) f p ibl
          U d : th t g w f t fr th & thp b d
          f ] hc th rt ph t (st. 5 13 f th P l C &). Th dp ky y
          b ppli d ]fl th & ] gthc t fkkhc &: i g d
          
          31. Th E flchS h i& th
          d& ]:g f th p Thd th t th ldth t1
          p :t f ff Mt &,] t ffkkhc. F : h t 00 8 t 1
          p Thd IS f
          3 . Th H] Rjc g t1
          rd b : f d th t ohflfti ] th ldthth
          ô p: l h d tb prnd (ccppJdngIA 25 p . 8).
          U &: t1 h 't l CftdJ d P thk l Rt t tkht1 Ith A
          fr j p !w t1 pli tE fth d pa j ft dt t1
          th ffld b pp rnd th rd1
          th: th o] l
          33. h' J ' !y 008 t1 S [ ft1 fr i ) th My dt tt1
          t1 ki yMd j d fr ffl : b hc p]]b]k Th
          pp li ll d p 'd& that ptk b ft Th' d dd d d
          by th h d t1 ) did !y d &d. Th sJ
        
          
          f bid p brnhhc pkt f li ' t1 _ p d th :
          H p]]bli
          C. Stoniugasamethodofexecufion
          34. h J y OO d f t1 ) dkMy j d fr ]]h: th p hibft & g
          H : th th f t1 b p,]b]k thj
          t M bthdfl l g l ff t d ily th th tk f
          35. Th M b l : p t & g this p hibftE dfl d.
          m thy 006 t? p pl t d d th th h' J ] 007
          pfld t dt d th th Q 'th m hj p : l dft
          jail th ThUS. Th Ud Nt HS Ci : f Rj t
          d p : thj p,]blk ‘0 007. Th
          f th H' RjS C ] ilh th d t1 fr th
          ! l =d t ttht1 b t t1 p: th
          th p i l th: f oa y. Th d thg P d C d p thb
          th p kyth:
          36.
          I I 3 It : p l & th ThUS that p pl Md b
          th t th gf& ô k !y fi d p d by t1 h i
          Mfli . Ci;dl S W th th Ith A R p, b& f fr j
          j hc f t1 Th s pd l p t hc
          h' th d th Th 06 j d d
          tth c t1 d th & thE f
          t thc k g trn.
          0. Juvenile executious
          37. Th d f t1 ) dkMy h : pnd t&,rnl d t&ñ
          0 = t&ñ j tl Th,bth gth:) dg ft i th
          f ]]l f) ! il
          th b : p Thd. k th tth ) ki l M fti th
          ) d1 d th p ô l g ' d beth ) th i l
          ]lEo, dt1 tE ilthl th:th f jJi ft1 dp t t&t th
          U1 tth MIth A h .
          38. h ddftE ft j p Thdth t bffl t1 bli l f ) ‘ U1
          d byt1 P th t. Th bifili fld 'b
          rby jthW f p li tt d f d p dd
          &td1 d Th bifi p: t pth l f t& tE ) th
          p : !id th: di i th thth l o t d b tE d
          th It j d : t d that t1 bifi tll ftM b rnh
          & th th: th , &: t1 f IS M d :h
          f$j th f p ibfl'.H h t fl
          1 pfldtht f ho thc
          th ‘0 J8.
          I0
        
          
          l p t :d t1 h d t t1 h d I g I 0 t flM
          thth fj'! d
          39. D pft th p fti d l p t ft j : pnd that hg ],S : f
          still d ]t fr ti I: p t d that b t?
          1990 006 t1 Ith R p] b& f Md t d thild
          h th M f t1 t t Ib : (51) f )! il
          o]fl t1 : p thg p n d. k f,t: p Th d that thtd f 107
          ‘ d th f IS Md b d & t1 36 th th t1
          fth l g . Th h d di p' th fi d p tht dh u lthc
          t d th) d1
          40. E th t1 In t —l Ci;dl d P thk l Rj t d t1
          C E t1 RjS f t1 L &d Mth th I h=k R p] b& f fr j
          p bU t St t p ti tt h t1 d thp
          &: t1 f IS.
          41. Th f b i — j 14 y d
          7 th: b y d * d 9 f gt] tkh i t
          th hyb t k by fr tE l A&d g ld1d —
          b th P l C &
          EICN.4fl00 V4 p . 9*). th : j p ibijity f d th
          b — thkthd)f& il j g d &t1
          ff &: i thgi by t1 thr f .. ily Th th Sjth_& i&:
          1 k f t1 f t1 ‘d th th t tb byth d d i f
          th : t y. h' this fr ffki ] b d t1
          St t p ibiJkyf& qi
          4 . m 005 th c RiSe f t1 L ild g
          th ): il ]fl Md t d d ] g dth Ith A R p, b& fr t
          t k t1 th t ] p dt1 tE f t1 d thp dty
          d p: f M c d :h b th IS t k t1
          pp: p:i l g l th jfl p hi th ftM t1
          pi th t1 f t1 L ild d b rnh th d th
          p ky h d p: f Md c t1
          f IS fr dby tkl 37 ft1 t1 Ri t ft1 L &d.
          43. Th Ud thtE HS Ci : th: H' RiSe h fl , 1
          th t1 j ) d th h flM th b i
          l dt f fr E thdMôlth h
          p:W t p thtE flM th P t M&i t1 Ith A R p,]b]k f b
          th t1 fl ft d N — th t1 F d j : d p,ft]k
          F : th t 6 D b : 007 th HS C i : d
          f M k? M k d &h th p,k ] d y th
          th rmt . k : pnd that M . M k d dthMd b
          ;d t d fth : p 13 Id
          — th tt1 b ffi d t & pft h
          fr dl j h t h d t f qb fill
          p & thbythSt Th.
          II
        
          
          th fr tk dth h d ft1 ) Wyj Ec &d :t t wt1
          f,t: ) th i l 'd th
          44. ‘0 — ThUS H*h C i :p]]blk
          Sh j S d
          — Eth Z h db d thf :th tMtt1 yMd
          ‘ d t1 f IS. a fldg dt1 t k
          by t1 fr d th fti bj th I : ) dki I tEo d
          U t b t? p t & d t1 ‘thfl fs ffl . D
          ft1 p:aibft
          th pp]k tE t1 d th th: ) ‘ il d : thflth I
          It : p t d that th fr Md b p & d t1
          k. p Th d U1 d flM t1 !kt f$ j .
          45. h ddjlE t1 Hi ô]fl g h theft T th S pt rn:
          007u dt1 dthth:
          th th Md ] • t d d : t1 IS. It ]b : p l d that
          fth I Md b d b t? t1 f ? ih k. L tff t1 ;d th.
          E. Women's rights
          46. Th Ith A R p]]b]k b h t : lry th C tE
          Eth tE f UIF a W .
          47. A &d g t1 U d IU — D k t rmg
          I h R p] b& f fr :thh(.thn
          th g d : d kp t thd ] cth 177 y d d
          t1 g d : G d : di pi
          g dI: gi tht1 F :th t &dflt th
          P hc O:g tE f t1 Ith A R p, b& f b t1 g d : d kp
          thd ] j k d k : tM th lE I th t th pth
          Sj E b h d
          45. Th I h R p] b& f j : pnd h h t d t
          h dth I990 th b th y f&th Mffl E
          D kp t It j k thi 1 ,$J
          : I pth w d't ) 4 thild t liW) d 5 ( p
          h hM). F h t t1 & y th tht I5.t 4 g
          57.9 p : 95.6 p : Th gfr] pth w d
          t th y : tE h k d fr 79 . p :
          g 4 . 3 p : tftMf I d t thtfl 64 p f fl
          th h JlM th b d g : p ornE h hM h
          A d d M L
          & th d .
          49. D pft p fti thi Ith A R p]]bli j f d flM
          f hsJ1 g th g d fty d ]jty d
          Th p I d;d1I thht ypi th t th g t d f
          Tl r tM fth Idt R pth]± fh t th k dN 'th
          s d th fr. Nd dh dthf tt
          IS. nth by OHCIrn tMth bñ d
          tk
          U
        
          
          O 30 N b : 007 th Sp id R pp t ga
          ft — pi
          & ft bifi (Ne. 36780I68357 d d 007) tith ll d ' : : d:j 't
          jpd by th tr Th bifi Id th p tkffl ft
          drfi k th: bt th they d p t1
          ibiJ f ffl tE by t1 fr th !y f f t ' ]Jfl
          f a I Ith I (AIHRCt7I6IAdd.I
          ps ”. 14- 6).
          50. Th M : b phcp th dd d&t y
          h . U d : h d l p i i th: tE (h &bl d y)f&
          id p] t ] ( th b ) th j d bl that f
          Tith : a, by ll tE h b
          pp d th th h Th l
          th: fld sJ by U d t1 W?
          th fl j 1 d that l
          pp W t1 h d p d dk (a , t1 ld1& d t1 f t1
          F ]!th : ld1& t d d ,]bh th f t1
          ht f f l ld1& . pfl thd M hi d
          th this dM S ft M t ft y
          VTh& beth l h y tth b th lg htE hUUt
          p t p fti p ti , gi t1 p, b]k d b d
          th ' :jS . D fr th p fr ll tE
          hc that p'dd th: th p ib fljt) th t d t1
          :iS t dy f th fr ld1& .
          SI. W M th l&, id t1 gkt l
          t& 16 p : t Mth th t1 p: g M d th
          th t1 p t h t y t t ht d tht h d
          Thdbyth ‘LU C . it f E t
          — hb ] f t p ti tE p :tkffl thS ]E± d
          p ft d th fr ld h th
          th 1117 fth ci;dl C dth ]1d
          tE ±c g tE h t pp th]th .
          th P li t tht 4 -I p p tiflE
          th — dd i . khc p ft S ]E± d. m ddjlE
          i db n g d : l t) tht hl kffl dt1
          :S'& t1 p h i W
          5 . G d b j tdp d. D,flc h ‘d ftft
          6 F b y 005 t1 Sp d lR ppfl' ;d l
          b dth thth I l t R p,]b]k
          ô g d th q , ]Z p m d by flU Ml d
          th h t y l p d' (E1C114t100616 lIAdd.3).
          53. M h thg thth p ty
          th t1 I k R p]]b]k ha '. VTh
          p d by t1 fr th bSc
          yt t t1 ,fly. F : h t t1 th Th
          ,,iTh d p Thd1y ft d t d fr Id tE by t1
          Mfli . 0 6 M :th 007 t1 fl ft d Nt HS f I '
          RjC p,]b]k th f I t 31
          13
        
          
          p fm g th hc th fr t f th Ith R Ith y C t th
          S:d p h d d b tt1
          d t E ifi f th
          AIHRCEZI6 IMd. I d A iRCE7E 1 *IAd . 1). Th Sp i I
          
          f th: hd & ti t
          F. Rightsofminorifies
          54. Th C titfl ]kft
          t? hp t t p 'd i Ij E flI 13 that
          Z& ti Thtth d L i tE h i th , g a d : ligE,
          ft th d ft1th ' t1
          ]E± f th l d th f p l
          d: ligE, 14 p dd p t tk f& M] ]E
          p ,id d they :tht f= pfr y (ti;dw a d t1 Ith
          R p] b&
          55. R p t b d f t1 E M
          b thg ]bj Thd b !y d tE f ] h t f& tk d
          dntE f p: p ty d thl f l y t d b fft d d thl
          th hS : A h b : p Thd th
          tc thc E lfl d thS th p f = d t :i fi, t1
          Th M th l !hc t t rn .t fl_ 't th
          56. Th p idp d' d t h ld h p Thq, j dth f t1
          M th S— J ] OO6 th sp d l R ppfl'
          & bdi&th md p d F t ty d t1
          G: kbft D t tEfl p t d dth j ft1
          f 54 b fth Eth i thth fty f : pfldt
          M b l d th =±y A] PflI OO7 t1 Sp d l
          R pp t ] bdi4 th tEth i d t
          bj t d th dJffi tE d th : th f by t1 fr t h
          d fl l k j ll g d that t1 Ea i md f d
          id t th fr tl h k d k t d flM Li li '
          ]= :i th j dft ”th l. m J :y dF bw OO7
          I SO h h id t : pfld. M y f th md h ft d they Md
          b ll d b ] f t1 fr ft. th — OO6 t1 a o f
          E t b d d th p: g Md b th p th g
          l gj ME that th mU Dj thth l ( p Iw d
          o p tE ) C f 195*. Th d
          : g :dhc th ”:htE ga f
          th & Th t d t t th h lE ' g th t
          E M9 :th dp
          57. IS thy OO* : pfld that f t1 rnM i Id l li '
          Md ! th Md d t th d
          th th H d 5 M h ThUS. 3 Mw t1
          HS t1 h i $ khc th: h lE
          14
        
          
          th th US f t1 bIj t f th Ith R p] b& f b ‘ d t1
          h tk I C n Ci;dl d P thk I Rj t th that
          &t d d th h Idth :Stt f: d b rnf. Th
          ht ' th fti S tt tt1 t—I fty
          58. Oth : fl ty g th th Ith A R p,]b]k f b th
          b ]bj Thd th : c f i htE . F h t t1 p d I
          f i tE th ftM t1 Mth
          th E 3 F w 006 t1 W :khc G kbft D t E d
          th Sp d IR pfl' p tE dp: t fth :jSt f: d f
          : d t1 M b th ñW
          p pI thth th rt t II U J y 006 ft
          b t fr d f th Mth fl ñw
          = . O 31 J t 006 th Sp d lR ppfl'
          & ] tk tE th h Md g dfl
          : t flEl thc )tgt1 d th f Mth
          E 13 N b : 006 t1 Sp g tht t1 h i
          M fti th flM t1 d th ‘0
          that th ' Md b thth] d dMd Md
          th W y pd& th th fr tI ] . Th fr th th fti th j th t1
          li ' t &j tj !fti .
          59. m dthtE th p d l pô]: M j d f
          f t1 N t llt ]fi M ]E = y th K' th h
          th d t1 E ld t1 A :i .Thfl
          ‘ d t1 L j tE ] y M : pnd b ftj t d th
          t th] g th flM p f m d thtE
          f thS jC h :1 p k t1 fr d held U i
          60. 1h W b th h d& d t1 f th :ja f ti th t1
          Ith R p] b& fr . k t1 H' Rj c : d ft
          f t1 ]E± t tith t1 frd
          b li f thc that ft Ith p dnthl d that
          f t1 tk d:d* f hc dm th thth
          thS Th th t b d th t th
          thll : f t1 rnM9
          :jS t1 C fl ]bj t
          (CCPPJCfl9IMd. 5 . 16). m 003 t1 th E}t lE
          R i l D &:htE d ft th : p l d th htE
          by tath fli thfl dhc Eth h ttñ d that
          thp 'd i ft1 St t p !W I £htE pp t b thht y d
          tl k g ] d (c DIcI63Ic0I6 p : . 14). h' 005 t1
          t1 Rj fth L &d d th l :g ]=b : f Ea md t
          Md t b d d t1 f t1 fr U E ffl tE
          (CRCICIIS IAdd. 5 4 p . 59).
          61. Th Ith R p] b& fr M b k c . t dhc d g : h tth
          b t El : f p p, lt p tkm a , fr sb ]fl g
          F ll c t1 b]fl y p ti tE pph tdy I irn
          f 00 004 t1 Th] fAli d F d h =j ff$j ] d :t1
          M thty d'fld t? h b i : ] b t?
          I S
        
          
          005 007. m 008 t1 h ô t d thfrd : f
          j t — d j p a th t1 p: f j E g t1 p 'd g
          th th 850 ))00 Cd& ft j
          that ffl b j d th ffig ‘ ‘ i t lE '.
          H : t1 t1 RjC f th L &d t dth t: ffig ru1&
          b hc ll d th if th fr M flM
          M fti dtM tt1 f : ] thil tb hc ff : d ft f
          thc (ibid.).
          G. Freedom ofpeaceful assembly and association and freedom of
          opinionandexpression
          6 . S S dbyt1 fr t l
          t1 :jSth fr d fp 4m =b d i tE d fr d f ph
          Th H' RIC C t1 ± t f
          ththtt th t1 fr d i d i tE ]ffi d by
          6 f t1 C — :tkl ‘6 f th L p t thc
          A tj i f P :t S i ti d P thk l rt f i d A it . k t d
          th t yth th p 'd i I S 19 f t1 In t —I
          CE!il d P thk I R b f thd t
          h tth bdi dthb I k tlth hc : d phu
          th pp ft th ffkid p ft Md b d& th t d gaa.
          th b idp: d th t1 d ]E± tE pp d th M
          ph d ] p th f: d f d f
          (C CPRICtZ9 IMd. 5 I S ).
          63. Sh J M b d by tr rn p:
          h Id . Thfl 'gld i ftft 4th 10 003 th Sp i I R pp t ]
          th :st th fr pthi d — ( EICN.4 t100 4I6 IMd. ) d
          t g d fr f ftd1 i W ft1th d t1 ld h t
          I ] f t1 t1 tE b t: th hs p d by f
          th tEtIbkth . H t dth t y ]E± t thth rt L dth P I
          C d thd t ftMth : flith p ibI d : tith I9 pg h3 f
          th h 't lE I Ci;dl d Th thk I Rja . H t t t1
          th: th k lE th g th t I Is, Y : hth d bj tE
          ftth d I : d4hU d ffld : ]1t th fr t tE by H sJ
          ‘ d th b i th t1 I j htE thc t1 f
          fd f phu d i dt gi I : d fh E t t1 p i i
          th ithCfiU d k.
          64. Sp i I R pp ] d:th dth t1 f bt w
          ]!t th fly phu .: hThd ff Md g tE h t t1 f
          H fr
          th p ' df& p d phd
          65. Th h b th hc : p f t*k &c th t1
          p l. Th kd M f t d pfr bkg d d
          M b th pth d. A :St d f d : th t1
          id that th th pth d ft M h 007 th M h 008 30
          Md b th t1 ‘fly thfl dfl d
          H ih ddj• ll d 2iZ h. gi
          16
        
          
          2b1 th d H t. S thdkmd ]nw
          ] d hCt fi fr bkg . Iti fi pt dth tôfl gth thy
          008 th IS bthg f thg th ht !y h
          (t1 irn jV t s pd ') Md b fjk : d. Th f b k
          h : pnd b tC d (fl g th th:
          p brnhhc Mo D b t
          :th p my t1 I I$t c,±] d G ]id d : t d Mt1
          ytg that if b k p, brnh th h :th they
          ]1thyth th hM h.
          66. Th :St f th f Md ‘dt d — h b li t d
          by p t UII dt1 C ±t . VTh&
          th C tht t1 jst i tE d tE 6 f t1
          L& L j Mt = thd It
          : pndth t th ‘,] b : f i tk d t2 tE
          b by ft y t byt1
          H. Lackofdueprocess rights and frilure to respectthe r hts
          of detainees
          67. A t d t1 fr — C thtE t1 P I C d t1 C d f
          P I rt d' p 'dd f o] I M flM
          o p: f tM 65p
          th th Ith A R p,]bIk f fr byth i Ip O] h Id M 007
          : I d th th h k f d p: jC d th f i ] th (1 t1
          
          65. S flt1 H' Rj t : d : &k
          f o p d ftfr UE] d d pk d th I k th:
          h p i1 : th b tE y ]!t ti ] M
          t d d th b t1 d pp ly : dp ibfl , pdd d
          dt p : p dth (ccpRIdngIA 25 p : . U).
          69. Th Vk kMg L p b y d t E oflc ft i ft fr 15
          P b y 003 d t1 f j ] p o] l f thi
          h t ft y t L M bE !y
          tktE Mt v t tE f :tkl US f th C d f P l rt o]
          3 th th L t1 l tk C I l d th th = b] i f I
          th i tE t1 Th W,kMg L p t d th t1
          I b p 'dd d f o]hc ll f t1 p d that
          l g l üd t b ff tE (EICN4t 1004RIAdd. d C .l). Th
          h d E : Ait h l htE tM t t brnh
          p ll l th: th t y tkh ffld f] t:
          ‘ d = t1 Md p d fth ba:.
          70. b t1 g tE h t f d& M t y W? d p tk . Th
          d t d
          th t1 ]1 id thh d F fll M M l
          Ekft t t 'y j th
          f M d
          th b pt d. d that t1 p'thr d
          thpE Th tht1 ft1 dth t th bft y
          I ,
        
          
          fr t th h Thd
          hl fi h • ‘t dt1 :th (EICN4t1006I6lIAdd.3).
          IV Coopentionwith the Office oftheUnited Nations High
          Commissioner for Hmnan Rights and international human
          iights mecimnisms
          A. Cooperationwfth the United Natious humanr hts treatysystem
          71. Th Ith R p] b& f fr j p wt f ] j : Ud N tE
          t ti :th C! tE t1 Rj t fth ild( jfi d 13 1994) .
          th t1 E th tE R id ( tffi d 9 A t
          l968) th h t d CE!il d P litk l Rj d t1 h t l
          E A S i l c,±] l (beth tffi d 1975).
          Ith : lri d th : h' l t d t ti thö dfl th
          R hthct t1 St t] f (1951) dt1 rmt lth t th tffi d
          l976) th C — th rt E f th cth
          (1948) ( tffi d 14 A]] ] l956) th — t — l ‘
          d ft1 cth fAp tid(l973)(: ffi d 17 Apth
          l985) d t1 ‘LU tcth rt rdbitE d T _ dEt ktE
          f th E th tE f t1 W t F = f L ild L b (Ne. lfl) ( tffi d li ' my
          th I h=k R p]]b]k : tri d 13 fr t d hb
          Th I k R p]]b]k f Md p &d f p unMt w
          It t th E k S i l
          Rjc & th Rj t f t & & . Th
          th h f th b d d pt d 1993 : th
          H : p fti d& t1
          fl d by t1 c(.,?,t. t1 pj t f th L ild th UUU
          p tE d by t1 c t1 EtE f fl F = f R i l
          th UU3 bthc th.&pth t1 f = f
          d fth tE f t1 ñ ft1 Wid.
          73. Th I k R p]]b]k f — p: tk f :nc g :d
          & tffkt tkh h p d1y b ft d by b th
          f th th f t& h d g t1 ptfld
          
          B. Cooperafionwfththespechlpmcedures
          74. Th I h=k R p]]b]k f fr j d t dhc frfl t ' ll th tk
          p i l h l&: li ' UU ldth thd&d flM
          fl tE f t1 d Th t1 sp d l R p t tE t1
          tE th t1 I l A R p,]b]k f fr t h d byth
          Rj th 1984. Th h ] hc
          t :d th,hc d :Stth thhtE ththj
          (J' UU5; CN.4t 1UU6I4lIAdd2) th Sp thl R ppfl'
          ft d UU5;
          EICN.4t 1UU6I6lIAdd.3) th Sp d l R pfl' t1 :j f
          1*
        
          
          (F b !y 004; E N.4t1 005 t35IAd t1 Sp i l R pp t '
          d p: t tE f t1 na fr d f pthi d
          003; Emil .4t1 004 I6VAd 2 d th VTh:khc
          (flb y 003; EICN4t 1004RIAdd. d C .l)M
          th Ith A R p,]b]k f b . Vi ft f t1 W,kthg L p
          bfl y D pp sp d l R pp t tO dki l ‘ ] W
          b y ]fl d t1 sp dd R pp t ] f: d f bdi4
          dt thp lb' tM tt t$ p& . Th dd R pp t ]
          ) thd l ]= W d f ll -' p : “t th
          006 d l dd E l f ll -' p : t th M h 00*. Th
          Sp d lR pfl' f: d f: U i b rnfftt dh ,itht th ftt1
          Ith R p]ft& fr th h : l t f ll - l t d Thd M th 00*. Th
          sp i l R ppt ]] t th] th : hü dd g tm t
          p d h : t d theft th 005 d h Th
          Sp d lR pfl' t1 thd p d f) dg d hw thft th
          006 ft Thdhj : t th ThUS. Th thd d & ‘
          d d ft 00*.
          75. Th p d l p ô] h ld M h:g ],S : f
          thth dd' l id : c ] ] ; & j t1
          Ith R p]]b]k b At t l f 56 = tE th 007 4
          th j fr u t—. Th frt & d d th ‘0
          C. Cooperafionwfth the Offke of the Unhed Nafious High
          Coum ' sioner lbr Human Rights
          76. Th fl ft d N tE HS Ci : th: Rja d ft d t1 Ith A
          R p,ft& f h th S pt b Th07 th: j t d t l
          th fty t1 N .AU d M L D,flc h ‘thft th flM
          Gt: p th! d d&,] d : c thfl dhc t1 d th
          p ky (pid f ) ! il ) — :j t . m th ] ]: f th
          thi t1 th fti tht : t th p :t b t?
          OHCHR dth h i ) thd y. q' a' th thy 00* tt1 fr di l f
          t1 )ai y 0HCHRtl U l J i thft d T &
          p ibl f k h —I OHCHR ] t d
          ] M&tM tt1 Ith R p]]b]k f fr pt j ftbyt1 Sp d IR pfl'
          t1 thd p d f) dg d fl009.
          h ' 0 7 sp idR p th*&hL = !v bth J th
          rnt R p]b& h . D W h 1k
          p d 17 Sr&M R r t th p ti t th fth
          tt ft d f piu d th c th S r hlR r t
          th hr ( fi* á t th SpR '
          t t L d cU
          th Sp idR rp t th I th t1 Sr&M
          th S Thj.L 1 th
          SpR p
          10 —lh c th Sr hlR r( fr kt &
          3 ‘ —Ii dth Sp id R p t ' ‘ th
        
          
          77. Th Hfl C (• : h fred flM th b i M fti th
          ]=b f thdMôl j fi p:W t p thth l t d
          Th th b d d frld ct1 :St f
          ) ! il hü dd g
          thfl dhc & dfr d f dtl :ja f
          VI. Coirlusions
          7*. M 'y f € ( ]‘ fr fl bU rn th hI i€
          R pthli f k b tI p u p d & dI s p ”fl t p
          t I by th fl !ffi d& di$tht&t !y d ffid
          sp&U f th th ih p hy. Th S ty .C d th
          C !]. u fth BI i R p,thli fk t d& — ( !] bi bligIu d
          b 'th p fl dt t p !t,thfly — !!P il
          C ‘dj!! m j, $fi( t ( !wh ( ‘%th
          fl Ith h th ‘d W ü th ] *i y w&(u( &fl] t
          — ! E y g . Th S
          th p fl f — Id i R p,thli f k &gt ! ]W
          ( € ( d idb th€ i d (€ &g th c !]. —t (€ •fr
          fl€ I th p !]ft ” th ! €id ‘d (, il
          fl bt fl & E E ' &g E t
          79. Th S y .C d th S t p h1 by th
          C !]. u fth Id i R p,,JIu f k t pI “Wt
          fl Ith d j!! fl( %th th Thli Nt (I,!& OHC}m. }k
          &fl th C t * t5, &j fl bt
          b th — EIfr E ' f An F ! f
          o i tht&S & g*E t W d th C &pE t Tht d Oth
          C!] I bth, ! O &db g dt ‘% &&&‘., th
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