Aadel Collection
Bahais are desperately trying to stop persecution in Iran
San Jose Mercury News • Sunday. July 31.1983 2liA Bahais are des By Michaer Precker perately trying to stop persee ution in Iran Dollos Mor, ,ing News HAIFA, Israel — Through secret channels to the West, word of the Iranian government's campaign against the Bahai faith reaches its international headquarters on the wooded, picturesque hillside of Mount Cannel. As the news of killings, disappearances and eco- nomic persecution comes in, Bahal leaders work desperately to publicize their cause and to mobilize world opinion with a steady stream of booldets and news releases, hoping to change the policies of the Islamic revolutionary government of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. ‘“It is a systematic campaign, and it is intensify. ing,” said Donald Bamstt, a Californian who serves as secretary-general of the Bahai international corn- munity, which numbers 2 million people in more than 100 countries. “The sole purpose is to extermi. nate the Bahai faith in Iran.” Latest episodes Some of the latest episodes of violence cited by the Bahais include: In June, 12 menaud 10 womenwerehangedin the -Iranian city of Shiraz after refusing to save themselves by recanting their Bahai faith. Khomeini refused an appeal from President Reagan to spare their lives, declaring that Reagan's intervention proved the 22 were American and Zionist agents, By Bahai count, the hangings brought the numl,er We are not an enemy of Islam. We accept Mohammed as a prophet, but they, cannot accept any other prophet after - Ivloharnmed. , . — Bahai official Donald Barrett i_ • , • • , , ‘ • ties.” From the start, Bahais have paid the price for their dissent An estimated 20,000 early followers of the flab and Baha'u'Uah were put to death, and in the Moslem world only Iran has a sizeable Bahai community, Barrett acknowledged that Iranian Bahais were urged to flee Iran before Khomeini took power, and about 10,000 did. Because Islamic fundamentalists view Bahais as Moslem dissidents, not a separate religion, their religious freedom is not protected under the Iranian Constitution. Three stages of persecution Barrett, a former senior legal counsel for Gulf Oil, said the persecution under the Khomeini regime developed in three stages. Shortly after the revold- don, the nine members of the National Spiritual Assembly, the highest Bahai authority in Iran, disap- peared and are presumed to have been murdered. When nine men were elected in their place, all were arrested and executed ‘when they refused to renounce their faith. Other prominent Bahais met the same fate. The second stage, Barrett said, was economic strangulation. Baled property and financial holdings were seized, and holy places desecrated. Bahais were fired from their jobs and denied' pensions, their children of Bahais executed by the government since the 1979 Iranian revolution to 132. Another 14 have disappeared, at least 200 remain in prison, and the number murdered by Islamic zealots in the country- side is difficult to determine. “In June, 130 Bahai men, women' and children were rounded up in the village of Ival and held for three days in an open field without food, water or shelter from the sun. After constant harangues, they were released, but Barrett said the incident illus- trated the growing campaign of intimidation against ‘ . , expelled from schooL The final stage, the Bahais believe, is mass intimi- dation of believers, Stories abound of mobs attack- lag Babais throughout Iran, destroying property, seizing teen-age girls to be married to Moslems against their will and murdering men and women who refuse to recant. flw gh it all Bahais around the world have remained quiet, partly because their faith pro- scribes noisy political action and partly because diplomacy seemed the best way to deal with Khom- . Soviet ‘construction boss reportedly has been ousted The New York Times The head of the Soviet Union's eon- struction industry has left his post as deputy premier, in what appears to be one of the highest-level demotions since Yuri V. Andropov took charge last year. According to recent Soviet press reports, the official, Ignati T. Novikov, 76, asked to be relieved of his duties so he could go into retirement The reports were not accompanied by the usual expression of gratitude for services rendered, which has become common under Andropov when leading officials leave the government on reachirm retirement ape. In addition to being one of a dozen or so deputy premiers, Novikov was chair- man of the State Committee for Con- struction Affairs, a powerful govern- ment agency that supervises the spe. cialized construction ministries,. His' retirement follows criticism by the ruling Polithuro of delays in the construction of ‘the Atommash nuclear- reactor fabricating plant and the associ- ated town of Volgodonsk on the Don River. Atomsnash is considered the key to the program of nuclear power devel- opment, and the delays have put the manufacture of reactors and their installation hphind w 'h ,sl,,lo - j j iIJLLETI j onai .S. I BPO00537 aster, BUddha, Krishna, Christ and Mohammed. He called himself the Baha'u'llab “Glory of God” in Arabic and his followers “Bahai” - Balsa'u'llah was exiled and imprisoned in Pales- tine but later was freed to spend the rest of his life in Acre,- 10 miles north of Haifa. His tomb, in ‘a landscaped garden near Acre, and the golden-domed shrine of the flab in Haifa, are the two holiest spots. for Bahais. - The religious differences between Islam and the Bahais now are compounded by a geographic twist of fate In Khomeini's eyes, the Bahais are synony- mous with the “Great Satan” of Ziorism, “Bahais naturally turn here,” Barrett said. “Their holy places are here, their world center is here. They contribute to the building and the upkeep. Their passports are stamped with Israeli visas. “The Iranians say, ‘Here's the proof that flahais are spies for Israel and Zionisrr” he said. “It's so easy to prove that is a false charge.” No clergy' - The Bahai faith espouses a mixture of puritanism, racial and sexual equality and a Utopian view that all mankind will eventually unite in harmony and world government; there isno clergy and almost no liturgy, but Bahais are urged to Study Baliai teach- ings and pray daily. Alcohol, drugs and extramarital sex are banned, and a strong family life is stressed. Theologically, Bahais accept all the prophets of major world religions, but regard their own teach. lags as the latest in a series of “progressive revela- tions” throughout history. “The beauty of Bahai teachings La that it doesn't deny the truth of other great religions,” Barrett said. “It provides the key to understanding them all?' ‘- ‘But the universalist doctrine poses a challenge to Islam, which regards Mohammed as the final and most important prophet “We are not an enemy of Islam,” Barrett said. “We accept Mohammed as a prophet, but they cannot accept any other prophet after Mohammed, and to them that makes us here- the 300,000 Iranian Bahais, most of whom live in villages. In early July two prominent Iranian Bahais, Jahangir Hidayati and Ahmad Bashiri, were kid.,' napped on the streets of Tehran. Authorities refuse to provide information or even acknowledge they were detained, raising-fears time two may never be seen again. - - The Bahais have urged Iran to permit an indepen- dent investigation by the United Nations or any other independent organization, but Iran has refused the request Regarded as heretka by Moslems, Bahais have suffered persecution in Iran since a Persian mer- chant declared himself the founder of a new religion- 139 years ago. Known as the “Bab” (gate in Arabic), he began preaching — despite warnings from Mos- lem authorities — that his religion would usher in - an era of ,esce and brotherhood. He was executed by a 750-man firing squad in 1850. ‘Messenger' ‘ Thirteen years later a Tehran. nobleman pro- claimed he was the messenger of God predicted by the Bab as the successor to Abraham, Moses, Zero- I - - - - /